York, the Slave Who Traveled With Lewis and Clark

One member of the Lewis and Clark Expedition was not a volunteer, and according to the law at the time, he was the property of another member of the expedition. He was York, an African-American slave who belonged to William Clark, the expeditions co-leader. York was born in Virginia in about 1770, apparently to slaves who were owned by the family of William Clark. York and Clark were roughly the same age, and it seems likely they had known each other since childhood. In the Virginia society in which Clark grew up, it would not have been uncommon for a Caucasian boy to have a slave boy as a personal servant. And it appears that York fulfilled that role, and remained Clarks servant into adulthood. Another example of this situation would be that of Thomas Jefferson, who had a lifelong slave and body servant named Jupiter. While York was owned by Clarks family, and later Clark himself, it seems that he married and had a family before 1804, when he was compelled to leave Virginia with the Lewis and Clark Expedition. A Skilled Man on the Expedition On the expedition, York fulfilled a number of roles, and its apparent that he must have possessed considerable skills as a backwoodsman. He nursed Charles Floyd, the only member of the Corps of Discovery to have died on the expedition. So it seems York may have been knowledgeable in frontier herbal medicine. Some men on the expedition were designated as hunters, killing animals for the others to eat, and at times York functioned as a hunter, shooting game such as buffalo. So its obvious that he was entrusted with a musket, though back in Virginia a slave would not have been allowed to carry a weapon. In the expedition journals, there are mentions of York being a fascinating sight to the Native Americans, who had apparently never seen an African American before. Some Indians would paint themselves black before going into battle, and they were amazed by someone who was black by birth. Clark, in his journal, recorded instances of Indians inspecting York, and trying to scrub his skin to see if his blackness was natural. There are other instances in the journals of York performing for the Indians, at one point growling like a bear. The Arikara people were impressed by York and referred to him as the great medicine. Freedom for York? When the expedition reached the west coast, Lewis and Clark held a vote to decide where the men would stay for the winter. York was allowed to vote along with all the others, though the concept of a slave voting would have been preposterous back in Virginia. The incident of the vote has often been cited by admirers of Lewis and Clark, as well as some historians, as proof of the enlightened attitudes on the expedition. Yet when the expedition ended, York was still a slave. A tradition developed that Clark had freed York at the end of the expedition, but that is not accurate. Letters written by Clark to his brother after the expedition still refer to York being a slave, and it seems that he was not freed for many years. Clarks grandson, in a memoir, mentioned that York was Clarks servant as late as 1819, some 13 years after the expedition returned. William Clark, in his letters, complained about Yorks behavior, and it appears that he may have punished him by hiring him out to perform menial labor. At one point he was even considering selling York into slavery in the deep south, a much harsher form of slavery than that practiced in Kentucky or Virginia. Historians have noted that there are no documents establishing that York had ever been freed. Clark, however, in a conversation with the writer Washington Irving in 1832, did claim to have freed York. There is no clear record of what happened to York. Some accounts have him dead before 1830, but there are also stories of a black man, said to be York, living among Indians in the early 1830s. Portrayals of York When Meriwether Lewis listed the expedition participants, he wrote that York was, A black man by the name of York, servant to Capt. Clark. To Virginians at that time, servant would have been a common euphemism for slave. While Yorks status as a slave was taken for granted by the other participants in the Lewis and Clark Expedition, the view of York has changed over the course of future generations. In the early 20th century, at the time of the centennial of the Lewis and Clark Expedition, writers referred to York as a slave, but often incorporated the inaccurate narrative that he had been freed as a reward for his hard work during the expedition. Later in the 20th century, York was portrayed as a symbol of black pride. Statues of York have been erected, and he is perhaps one of the better known members of the Corps of Discovery, after Lewis, Clark, and Sacagawea, the Shoshone woman who accompanied the expedition.

What Is Radical Feminism

Radical feminism is a philosophy emphasizing the patriarchal roots of inequality between men and women, or, more specifically, the social domination of women by men. Radical feminism views patriarchy as dividing societal rights, privileges, and power primarily along the lines of sex, and as a result, oppressing women and privileging men. Radical feminism opposes existing political and social organization in general because it is inherently tied to patriarchy. Thus, radical feminists tend to be skeptical of political action within the current system and instead tend to focus on culture  change that undermines patriarchy and associated hierarchical structures. What Makes It Radical? Radical feminists tend to be more militant in their approach (radical as getting to the root) than other feminists.  A radical feminist aims to dismantle patriarchy rather than making adjustments to the system through legal changes.  Radical feminists also resist reducing oppression to an economic or class issue, as socialist or Marxist feminism sometimes did or does. Radical feminism opposes patriarchy, not men. To equate radical feminism to man-hating is to assume that patriarchy and men are inseparable, philosophically and politically.  (Although, Robin Morgan has defended man-hating as the right of the oppressed class to hate the class that is oppressing them.) Roots of Radical Feminism Radical feminism was rooted in the wider radical contemporary movement. Women who participated in the anti-war and New Left political movements of the 1960s found themselves excluded from equal power by the men within the movement, despite the movements supposed underlying values of empowerment.  Many of these women split off into specifically feminist groups, while still retaining much of their original political radical ideals and methods.  Radical feminism became the term used for the more radical edge of feminism. Radical feminism is credited with the use of consciousness-raising groups to raise awareness of womens oppression. Later radical feminists sometimes added a focus on sexuality, including some moving to radical political lesbianism. Barbara Alper / Getty Images Some key radical feminists were Ti-Grace Atkinson,  Susan Brownmiller, Phyllis Chester,  Corrine Grad Coleman,  Mary Daly,  Andrea Dworkin,  Shulamith Firestone, Germaine Greer,  Carol Hanisch, Jill Johnston, Catherine MacKinnon, Kate Millett, Robin Morgan, Ellen Willis, and Monique Wittig.  Groups that were part of the radical feminist wing of feminism include Redstockings,  New York Radical Women (NYRW), the Chicago Womens Liberation Union (CWLU), Ann Arbor Feminist House, The Feminists,  WITCH, Seattle Radical Women, and Cell 16.  Radical feminists organized demonstrations against the Miss America pageant in 1968. Key Issues and Tactics Central issues engaged by radical feminists include: Reproductive rights for women, including the freedom to make choices to give birth, have an abortion, use birth control, or get sterilizedEvaluating and then breaking down traditional gender roles in private relationships as well as in public policiesUnderstanding pornography as an industry and practice leading to harm to women, although some radical feminists disagreed with this positionUnderstanding rape as an expression of patriarchal power, not a seeking of sexUnderstanding prostitution under patriarchy as the oppression of women, sexually and economicallyA critique of motherhood, marriage, the nuclear family, and sexuality, questioning how much of our culture is based on patriarchal assumptionsA critique of other institutions, including government and religion, as centered historically in patriarchal power Tools used by radical womens groups included consciousness-raising groups, actively providing services, organizing public protests, and putting on art and culture events.  Womens studies programs at universities are often supported by radical feminists as well as more liberal and socialist feminists. Some radical feminists promoted a political form of lesbianism or celibacy as alternatives to heterosexual sex within an overall patriarchal culture. There remains disagreement within the radical feminist community about transgender identity.  Some radical feminists have supported the rights of transgender people, seeing it as another gender liberation struggle; some have opposed the transgender movement, seeing it as embodying and promoting patriarchal gender norms. Writings Mary Daly. The Church and the Second Sex: Towards a Philosophy of Womens Liberation. 1968.  Mary Daly.  Gyn/Ecology: The Metaethics of Radical Feminism.  1978.Alice Echols and Ellen Willis. Daring to Be Bad: Radical Feminism in America, 1967–1975. 1990.Shulamith Firestone. The Dialectic of Sex: The Case for Feminist Revolution. 2003 reissue.F. Mackay.  Radical Feminism: Feminist Activism in Movement. 2015.Kate Millett.  Sexual Politics.  1970.Denise Thompson, Radical Feminism Today. 2001.Nancy Whittier.  Feminist Generations: The Persistence of the Radical Womens Movement. 1995. Quotes From Radical Feminists I didnt fight to get women out from behind vacuum cleaners to get them onto the board of Hoover. — Germaine Greer All men hate some women some of the time and some men hate all women all of the time. — Germaine Greer The fact is that we live in a profoundly anti-female society, a misogynistic civilization in which men collectively victimize women, attacking us as personifications of their own paranoid fears, as The Enemy. Within this society it is men who rape, who sap womens energy, who deny women economic and political power. —  Mary Daly I feel that man-hating is an honorable and viable political act, that the oppressed have a right to class-hatred against the class that is oppressing them.  Ã¢â‚¬â€Ã‚  Robin Morgan In the long run, Womens Liberation will of course free men—but in the short run its going to COST men a lot of privilege, which no one gives up willingly or easily. — Robin Morgan Feminists are often asked whether pornography causes rape. The fact is that rape and prostitution caused and continue to cause pornography. Politically, culturally, socially, sexually, and economically, rape and prostitution generated pornography; and pornography depends for its continued existence on the rape and prostitution of women. — Andrea Dworkin

Children With A Diagnosis Of Autism And Adhd - 803 Words

The student is a 9-year-old child with a diagnosis of Autism and ADHD. In September of 2010 the student was evaluated by the CPSE and determined to be a pre-school student with a disability by the Ithaca City School District. At the time he exhibited deficits in all areas of functioning and thereby received an IEP with programs and services based upon the results of the initial evaluation. These programs and services included Jacob being placed in a 6:1+1 classroom with a special education teacher. He also received services of OT, Speech Therapy, and Counseling. He was also provided with a special education bus through the Birnie Bus service with a bus attendant and less than 15 students. The following year, the student was transitioned†¦show more content†¦However, in July of 2012 the student moved to a new home and was transitioned into the Dryden Central School District. On August 8, 2012, the Dryden Central School District held a CSE meeting to discuss the student’s transition and current educational needs. At this meeting it was determined that the student would continue on the same educational program, be informally placed in a classroom with a special education teacher and extra adult support, and that transportation would be modified to a regular education bus with a bus aide as they stated they did not have any special education busses available for him at this time. It should be noted that this was the first meeting the Parent had ever attended, or been invited to attend, with the Dryden Central School District, and yet the meeting notice states; â€Å"Previously you have received a Procedural Safeguards Notice that explains your rights regarding the special education process.† However, this could not possible be true since this was the very first meeting the Parent ever attended and these procedural safeguards were not provided to her at any time during the meeting. At this meeting it was also determined that the student would need to be re-evaluated by May 18, 2013, in the following areas; Cognitive, Social/Emotional, Speech and Language and

Should I Chew Your Food Before I Swallow It - 767 Words

Should I Chew My Food Before I Swallow It? I want you to think of the last time you ate a big juicy steak. I m talking about that well-seasoned, perfectly cooked (medium, of course!), that was so good you didn t even need A1 sauce. What kind of seasoning was on it? What kind of restaurant did you eat it at? Did you fix it yourself? Regardless of your answers to any of these questions, I can guarantee one thing. If I ask you, Did you chew up the steak before you swallowed it?, you ll look at me like Captain Obvious and think to yourself, This guy shouldn t be preaching or writing blogs!As difficult as it is for us to digest a steak after chewing it well (here is more info on that), just imagine the type of indigestion and heartburn you would experience if you swallowed it whole, piece-by–piece. You might be thinking, Why is this guy talking to me about steak? I thought this was about biblical meditation. That is exactly why I gave you this brief illustration! For the Christian, biblical meditation is like chewing on God s Word so that the soul can enjoy and be nourished from it. Do You Have a Leaky Gut? If you do a Google search on the phrase leaky gut, you ll find an abundance of information regarding the importance of digestion for our bodies. What we eat and how we eat are important aspects to how we look and feel. Eating nutritious food without digesting it properly will still leave you sick and malnourished. In reading David Saxton s book on the PuritanShow MoreRelatedFormal And Informal Place Setting1106 Words   |  5 PagesChances are you’ve been taught some form of dining etiquette beginning at a young age. You probably remember your parents telling you, â€Å"Don’t eat with your mouth full,† â€Å"Keep your elbows off of the table,† or â€Å"Don’t play with grandpa’s teeth at the dinner table!† What you probably didn’t realize is your parents were conditioning you on how to act at the dinner table in social situations, and possibly most important, in the business world. If you’re planning on a career in busine ss, the probabilityRead MoreShould Seaworld Close? Persuasive Essay1303 Words   |  6 PagesShould SeaWorld Close? Persuasive Essay SeaWorld opened on March 15, 1959 and has been a huge visitor attraction. Ever since the Blackfish documentary was released in 2013, SeaWorld dropped sales by 50% in the year 2014. Even though SeaWorld is still in business and training the orcas, I think SeaWorld should be closed down because of the whales’ health and the risks of the trainers. 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Missouri applied for state hood in 1817. The petit Essay Example For Students

Missouri applied for state hood in 1817. The petit Essay ion did not call for the emancipation of slaves nor did it call for the halt of further introduction of slaves into Missouri. There were already 2,000-3,00 slaves in Missouri at the time. It was brought to Congress two years later in 1819 where sectional fears arose. Northerners resented the fact that the presidency was controlled by the south and that the south had added weight in the House and in the Electoral College due to the three-fifths clause. But the north soon built up a decisive majority in the House. The south feared that this would cause friction between the necessary balance of powers of the sections. In February 1819, James Tallmadge of New York proposed an amendment to the State-hood Bill that would ban the further introduction of slaves into Missouri and require steps to be taken to gradually eliminate slavery totally. The House approved Tallmadges amendment but the Senate voted it down, thus the issue remained unresolved until December of 1819 when the new Congress convened. The Federalist leader Rufus King of New York who stated that Congress could require restrictions on slavery within the states led the debate in the Senate. Southern Senators saw this a denying Missouri of its basic freedoms (property) and was an attack on equality among states and that Northerners were trying to upset the balance of powers. In an attempt to resolve the situation, Senate voted in February 1820 to couple the admission of Missouri as a slave state with that of Maine as a free state. This would keep the ratio of slave to free states equal in the Union. Further amendments passed prohibiting slavery north of the 36-30 parallel and allowing south of the parallel. This amendment was rejected in the House until Henry Clay from Kentucky broke the proposal into three separate bills that eventually won House approval. However the measure of Missouri framing a constitution and becoming a slave state passed 90-87 with northern opposition. It was concluded that a major s ectional crisis had been avoided but had ominous overtones.

The Analysis of Three Research Approaches

Question: Discuss about literature review on business and management research? Answer: Introduction: Two very common yet very useful research approaches are Quantitative research and Qualitative research approaches. Both the methods though commonly considered, differ fundamentally. However, their goals and their applications are different in numerous ways. Qualitative research focuses to achieve quantification of data. Quantitative research gives the opportunity of generalizing the results from a chosen sample to the total available respondents and the evaluation of the event of several ideas and opinions on the basis of a structured research instrument. On the other hand, qualitative research is applicable for achieving an in-depth observation of underlying causes and motivations. The primary objective of the qualitative research approach is to develop ideas and hypotheses for future quantitative research works. Major differences between these two research methodologies are their respective processes of data collection method, data analysis method and outcomes (Al 2013). Data colle ction methods in qualitative research method are seldom based on semi-structured, but methodologically flexible techniques like individual interviews and group discussions. These methods are absolutely perfect for collecting comprehensive views in depth. Quantitative research, on the other hand, uses highly organized and rigid techniques such as online questionnaires, interviews (public interviews or telephone interviews). Quantitative research method is different from qualitative research method as it allows unlimited expressions from participants. The response of the participants depends on the pre-formed questions (Eaton 2013). In case of data analysis, qualitative data analysis follows non-statistical methods. Its methodological approach is guided by the theories, models and other existing materials. On the other hand, in quantitative research, the sole approach of data is statistical and takes place in the form of tabulations. Findings are basically descriptive in nature although conclusive only within the numerical framework. This assignment will focus on describing these two research methods in depth to find out different methods and procedures used in each of these methods (Klassen et al. 2013). Literature Review: Qualitative research method: Qualitative research focuses to gain a detail understanding on definite organization or incident rather than explanation of a bulky sample population. It has the aim of providing an unambiguous representation of the structure, order and wide patterns found in the group of participants. Qualitative research method is also known as field research or ethnomethodology that collects data from groups of people in specific social or organizational settings. This research method mostly uses observation as its data collection method. This is done by selecting and recording the behaviors of people in their respective environments. This method strongly believes that observation is useful for collecting depth description on organizations or on events, for collecting data and information that are inaccessible otherwise. This method is used when other methods become inadequate for collecting derived data (Mitchell and Jolley 2013). Observation includes taking notes about the behaviors of the participants, setting, purpose, social and organizational behavior and the frequency and duration of singularities. Non-verbal communications, verbal communication and physical phenomenon can be used to complete an observation. While doing a qualitative research an observation must include the following characteristics (Thomas 2013). Observation must follow the formulated research purpose Observation and its methods must relate with the existing literature and theories Observation should be planned in a systematic manner While collecting data, again organized and systematic methods must be used Collected data is refined into general propositions and hypotheses While doing qualitative research method, it is important to keep in mind six important factors namely proper choice of a site and description of indicators, concepts and problems, proper strategy to start the research, selecting people and events to observe that can provide desired data, develop an amicable relation with the participants, analyze the observation in every stage and final analyze and interpretation (Wang and Mao 2012). While conducting qualitative research it is important toask questions like: who is doing or involved in something, how is it done, for what kind of reasons, what is done, what kind of steps are followed and in what kind of order, what kind of strategies are used, what are the consequences of doing or not doing something, why is this like this, wherefore is it done and why. Quantitative research method: Quantitative research method is known as an Explaining phenomena by collecting mathematical data that is analyzed using arithmetical methods. While conducting a quantitative research work, the primary goal is to decide the connection between a dependent variable and an independent variable of the research area. Quantitative research method strictly follows either descriptive method or experimental method (Alvesson and Sandberg 2013). In case of descriptive methods, subjects are measured only once but in experimental methods subjects are considered earlier and after an action. A descriptive study is said to establish only associations between variables, on the other hand, experimental study established casualty. Quantitative research focuses on numbers, logic and an objective stance. It does not follow different ways of thinking which is defined as the development of a bunch of ideas regarding a research problem in an unstructured and free flowing manner (Brown and Stowers 2013). It follows numeric and staticata and comprehensive, convergent calculation. The characteristics of quantitative research method are mentioned below, Use of organized research instruments is necessary to gather data in quantitative method. Comparatively larger sample sizes are collected to find a result. The sample size depends on the population and number of participants. Using clearly defined research questions, objective answers are sought. Various aspects of the study are designed before data collection procedure. Various instruments such as survey questionnaires, IT tools are used to collect the numerical data. Mixed research method: This methodology is used for conducting research that includes collecting, analyzing and integrating quantitative and qualitative research. Quantitative method includes experiments and surveys and qualitative method includes focus groups and interviews. When neither qualitative nor quantitative method can provide desired data on a problem or on a topic, then this mixed method is used to fulfill the purpose of a research (Chandra and Sharma 2013). The combination of the qualitative and quantitative research approaches provide the opportunity of achieving broader and indepth understanding and justification at the time of offsetting the weaknesses of the individual approaches. The most significant advantage of using this method is the possibility of triangulation. This method can use several means like methods, data sources and researches to examine a particular phenomenon (Mertens 2014). This method can be used when, It becomes important to validate or corroborate the results collected from other methods. When using one method like qualitative method, becomes important to describe and organize the other method like quantitative method. When findings from one method like qualitative method demands the help of the other method like quantitative method to reveal the depth meaning. Discussion: In order to discuss the practical application of the three research processes, three journal articles have been chosen. The three articles are selected from the Journal of Marketing. The three articles are written by following the quantitative, qualitative and the mixed method of research individually. Qualitative research methods: Qualitative research is used for seeking a descriptive answer of the research questions. The different methods used in this type of research works are observation, in-depth interviews and focus groups. Observations are used for collecting the data from the natural behavior of the respondents. In depth interviews are used for collecting the data by asking research related questions to the respondents. Sometimes the data can also be collected by observing the group activities of people. This is called the focus group method of collecting the data of a research work (Bryman and Bell 2015). The article Belief in a Just World: Consumer Intentions and Behaviors Toward Ethical Products written by Katherine White, Rhiannon MacDonnell, John H. Ellard is about consumer behavior. The research work was conducted by following the qualitative research technique. The method used for the data collection as the observation of the natural activity of the participants. The activities of the behavior of total 147 customers were observed for gathering the data about the perception of the customers. There were 95 women and 52 men among the chosen population. An article was given to the customers and they were told to imagine a particular situation and take a proper decision. Decisions of each of the participants were collected and analyzed to understand the psychology of the customers (White, MacDonnell and Ellard 2012). Sampling in qualitative research: There are two popular methods for the sampling process in the area of marketing research. They are probability sampling technique and non-probability sampling technique. Generally the qualitative research works are conducted by following the non-probability sampling technique where the numbers of respondents are less and they are chosen as per the choice of the researchers. In this case, the number of population was huge that was used for the data collection. The probability sampling technique was used in this case. The 147 customers were selected randomly from the total population available at the time of the research work. Data analysis in qualitative research: The collected data are generally analyzed by applying deep observation and analysis. In this case, this process is used for analyzing the perceptions of the customers chosen as the respondents of the research study (Taylor, Bogdan and DeVault 2015). Quantitative research methods: Quantitative research methods are used where the data can be analyzed through the use of mathematical or statistical tools. The most popular method used for collecting the data of the quantitative research work is the survey method. The article chosen for understanding the practical application of the quantitative research work is Generating Sales While Providing Service: A Study of Customer Service Representatives Ambidextrous Behavior written by Claudia Jasmand, Vera Blazevic, Ko de Ruyter. The research work was conducted by using two online surveys about the activities of CSRs. The total population used for the survey was 119 CSRs where 68 were female respondents. The responses were collected and then summarized for analyzing them through the use of statistical method for understanding the overall result of the survey conducted for the research work (Jasmand, Blazevic and de Ruyter 2012). Sampling in quantitative research: Generally the probability sampling technique is used for conducting the quantitative research work. In this case also, the probability sampling technique was used. Simple Random Process of the probability sampling technique was used in this research work. The 119 CSRs were chosen randomly for from 25 different teams. On an average 4.76 respondents were chosen from each of the teams. The respondents were chosen almost equally from two call centers (Jasmand, Blazevic and de Ruyter 2012). Data analysis in quantitative research: The statistical analysis is used for analyzing the data gathered in the quantitative research works (Zikmund et al. 2012). The computerized statistical tools were used in the case of the chosen research work. The data is summarized in a tabular format and the statistical analysis was applied on the data. Percentage analysis and some other descriptive statistics were used for the analysis of the data (Jasmand, Blazevic and de Ruyter 2012). Mixed research methods: Mixed research method is nothing but the hybrid of the quantitative and qualitative research approaches. Go Green! Should Environmental Messages Be So Assertive? written by Ann Kronrod, Amir Grinstein, Luc Wathieu, is journal article where the mixed research method is used for conducting the research work. The online survey and the observation both are used for the research work for understanding the impact of the environmental messages. The data analysis of the whole research work is done by following the statistical analysis and the observation method as per the type of the data collected in the mixed research method of the research study (Kronrod, Grinstein and Wathieu 2012). Conclusion of the findings: The main difference between the quantitative research and qualitative research methods is about the flexibilities. Normally, quantitative methods are quite rigid. The survey questionnaires used in the quantitative research approach uses the same procedure for all the respondents. Generally close ended questions are used for the survey methods of the quantitative research works. The benefit of this rigidness is that it provides the opportunity of conducting meaningful comparisons of the responses of the respondents and studying sites. Qualitative research works are conducted by using the observation method which can be different for different respondents. Mixed method gives strengths for minimizing the individual weaknesses of quantitative and qualitative research approaches. However, this method also has some disadvantages too. As it uses both qualitative and quantitative method, the execution of mixed method is very complex. This method consumes more time and resources to plan and i mplement. Besides, it is difficult to resolve discrepancies that arise while evaluating the findings. References: Al, S. 2013. Interpretive research design: concepts and processes. International Journal of Social Research Methodology, 16(4), pp.351-352. Alvesson, M. and Sandberg, J. 2013. Constructing Research Questions. London: SAGE Publications. Brown, J. and Stowers, E. 2013. Use of Data in Collections Work: An Exploratory Survey.Collection Management, 38(2), pp.143-162. Bryman, A. and Bell, E., 2015.Business research methods. Oxford University Press, USA. Chandra, S. and Sharma, M. 2013. Research methodology. Oxford: Alpha Science International Ltd. Eaton, S. 2013. The Oxford handbook of empirical legal research. International Journal of Social Research Methodology, 16(6), pp.548-550. Jasmand, C., Blazevic, V. and de Ruyter, K., 2012. Generating sales while providing service: A study of customer service representatives' ambidextrous behavior.Journal of Marketing,76(1), pp.20-37. Klassen, A., Creswell, J., Plano Clark, V., Smith, K. and Meissner, H. 2012. Best practices in mixed methods for quality of life research. Qual Life Res, 21(3), pp.377-380. Kronrod, A., Grinstein, A. and Wathieu, L., 2012. Go green! Should environmental messages be so assertive?.Journal of Marketing,76(1), pp.95-102. Mertens, D.M., 2014.Research and Evaluation in Education and Psychology: Integrating Diversity With Quantitative, Qualitative, and Mixed Methods: Integrating Diversity With Quantitative, Qualitative, and Mixed Methods. Sage Publications. Mitchell, M. and Jolley, J. 2013. Research design explained. Australia: Wadsworth Cengage Learning. Taylor, S.J., Bogdan, R. and DeVault, M., 2015.Introduction to qualitative research methods: A guidebook and resource. John Wiley Sons. Thomas, J. 2013. Empathic design: Research strategies. Australasian Medical Journal, 6(1), pp.1-6. Wang, S. and Mao, H. 2012. The Strategy Research of Modern Service Industry Development. Asian Social Science, 8(2). White, K., MacDonnell, R. and Ellard, J.H., 2012. Belief in a just world: Consumer intentions and behaviors toward ethical products.Journal of Marketing,76(1), pp.103-118. Zikmund, W., Babin, B., Carr, J. and Griffin, M., 2012.Business research methods. Cengage Learning.